Last updated: 11th October 2013.
Collision - elastic - one dimension - calculations and formulae.
Collision - elastic - two dimensions - example with calculations.
Electromagnetism - Fleming's Rules.
Electromagnetism - Maxwell's Equations.
Physical constants - recommended values.
SI prefixes and units.
What is SI?
SI is an abbreviation for the French phrase 'Système International d'Unités' which is 'International System of Units' in English.
SI is an internationally recognised coherent system of units based on the units: metre, kilogram, second, ampere, kelvin, mole, candela which are listed below in the section: SI base units..
SI prefixes (in size order by factor).
Factor |
Name |
Symbol |
10-24 |
yocto |
y |
10-21 |
zepto |
z |
10-18 |
atto |
a |
10-15 |
femto |
f |
10-12 |
pico |
p |
10 -9 |
nano |
n |
10 -6 |
micro |
m |
10 -3 |
milli |
m |
10 -2 |
centi |
c |
10 -1 |
deci |
d |
10 1 |
deca |
da |
10 2 |
hecto |
h |
10 3 |
kilo |
k |
10 6 |
mega |
M |
10 9 |
giga |
G |
10 12 |
tera |
T |
10 15 |
peta |
P |
10 18 |
exa |
E |
10 21 |
zetta |
Z |
10 24 |
yotta |
Y |
SI prefixes (in alphabetical order by name).
Factor |
Name |
Symbol |
10-18 |
atto |
a |
10 -2 |
centi |
c |
10 1 |
deca |
da |
10 -1 |
deci |
d |
10 18 |
exa |
E |
10-15 |
femto |
f |
10 9 |
giga |
G |
10 2 |
hecto |
h |
10 3 |
kilo |
k |
10 6 |
mega |
M |
10 -6 |
micro |
m |
10 -3 |
milli |
m |
10 -9 |
nano |
n |
10 15 |
peta |
P |
10-12 |
pico |
p |
10 12 |
tera |
T |
10-24 |
yocto |
y |
10 24 |
yotta |
Y |
10-21 |
zepto |
z |
10 21 |
zetta |
Z |
Base quantity name |
Base quantity symbol |
SI base unit name |
SI base unit symbol |
length |
l, x, r, etc. |
metre |
m |
mass |
m |
kilogram |
kg |
time, duration |
t |
second |
s |
electric current |
I, i |
ampere |
A |
thermodynamic temperature |
T |
kelvin |
K |
amount of substance |
n |
mole |
mol |
luminous intensity |
Iv |
candela |
cd |
SI derived units (in terms of base units).
Quantity |
Name |
Symbol |
area |
square metre |
m2 |
volume |
cubic metre |
m3 |
speed, velocity |
metre per second |
m s-1 |
acceleration |
metre per second squared |
m s-2 |
wave number |
reciprocal metre |
m-1 |
density, mass density |
kilogram per cubic metre |
kg m-3 |
surface density |
kilogram per square metre |
kg m-2 |
specific volume |
cubic metre per kilogram |
m-3 kg-1 |
current density |
ampere per square metre |
A m-2 |
magnetic field strength |
ampere per metre |
A m-1 |
concentration (of amount of substance) |
mole per cubic metre |
mol m-3 |
luminance |
candela per square metre |
cd m-2 |
SI coherent derived units with special names and symbols.
Quantity |
Name |
Symbol |
In terms of other SI units |
In terms of SI base units |
plane angle |
radian |
rad |
1 |
m m-1 |
solid angle |
steradian |
sr |
1 |
m2 m-2 |
frequency |
hertz |
Hz |
|
s-1 |
force |
newton |
N |
|
m kg s-2 |
pressure, stress |
pascal |
Pa |
N/m2 = N m-2 |
m-1 kg s-2 |
energy, work, amount of heat |
joule |
J |
N m |
m2 kg s-2 |
power, radiant flux |
watt |
W |
J/s = J s-1 |
m2 kg s-3 |
electric charge, amount of electricity |
coulomb |
C |
|
s A |
electric potential difference, electromotive force |
volt |
V |
W/A = W A-1 or J C-1 |
m2 kg s-3 A-1 |
capacitance |
farad |
F |
C/V = C V-1 |
m-2 kg-1 s4 A2 |
electric resistance |
ohm |
|
V/A = V A-1 |
m2 kg s-3 A-2 |
electric conductance |
siemens |
S |
A/V = A V-1 |
m-2 kg-1 s3 A2 |
magnetic flux |
weber |
Wb |
V s |
m2 kg s-2 A-1 |
magnetic flux density |
tesla |
T |
Wb/m2 = Wb m-2 |
kg s-2 A-1 |
inductance |
henry |
H |
Wb/A = Wb A-1 |
m2 kg s-2 A-2 |
Celsius temperature |
degree Celsius |
°C |
|
K |
luminous flux |
lumen |
lm |
cd sr |
cd |
illuminance |
lux |
lx |
lm/m2 = lm m-2 |
m-2 cd |
activity referred to a radionuclide |
becquerel |
Bq |
|
s-1 |
absorbed dose, specific energy (imparted), kerma |
gray |
Gy |
J/kg = J kg-1 |
m2 s-2 |
dose equivalent, ambient dose equivalent, directional dose equivalent, personal dose equivalent |
sievert |
Sv |
J/kg = J kg-1 |
m2 s-2 |
catalytic activity |
katal |
kat |
|
s-1 mol |
Quantities using SI coherent derived units.
Quantity |
Name |
Symbol |
In terms of SI base units |
dynamic viscosity |
pascal second |
Pa s |
m-1 kg s-1 |
moment of force |
newton metre |
N m |
m2 kg s-2 |
surface tension |
newton per metre |
N/m = N m-1 |
kg s-2 |
angular velocity |
radian per second |
rad/s = rad s-1 |
m m-1 s-1 = s-1 |
angular acceleration |
radian per second squared |
rad/s2 = rad s-2 |
m m-1 s-2 = s-2 |
heat flux density, irradiance |
watt per square metre |
W/m2 = W m-2 |
kg s-3 |
heat capacity, entropy |
joule per kelvin |
J/K = J K-1 |
m2 kg s-2 K-1 |
specific heat capacity, specific entropy |
joule per (kg kelvin) |
J/(kg K) = J kg-1 K-1 |
m2 s-2 K-1 |
specific energy |
joule per kilogram |
J/kg = J kg-1 |
m2 s-2 |
thermal conductivity |
watt per metre kelvin |
W/(m K) = W m-1 K-1 |
m kg s-3 K-1 |
energy density |
joule per cubic metre |
J/(m3) = J m-3 |
m-1 kg s-2 |
electric field strength |
volt per metre |
V/m = V m-1 |
m kg s-3 A-1 |
electric charge density |
coulomb per cubic metre |
C/m3 = C m-3 |
m-3 s A |
surface charge density |
coulomb per square metre |
C/m2 = C m-2 |
m-2 s A |
electric flux density, electric displacement |
coulomb per square metre |
C/m2 = C m-2 |
m-2 s A |
permittivity |
farad per metre |
F/m = F m-1 |
m-3 kg-1 s4 A2 |
permeability |
henry per metre |
H/m = H m-1 |
m kg s-2 A-2 |
molar energy |
joule per mole |
J/mol = J mol-1 |
m2 kg s-2 mol-1 |
molar entropy, molar heat capacity |
joule per mole kelvin |
J/(mol K) = J (mol K)-1 |
m2 kg s-2 K-1 mol-1 |
exposure (x-rays and gamma(g)-rays) |
coulomb per kilogram |
C/kg = C kg-1 |
kg-1 s A |
absorbed dose rate |
gray per second |
Gy/s = Gy s-1 |
m2 s-3 |
radiant intensity |
watt per steradian |
W/sr = W sr-1 |
m2 kg s-3 |
radiance |
watt per square metre steradian |
W/(m2 sr) = W (m2 sr)-1 |
kg s-3 |
catalytic activity concentration |
katal per cubic metre |
kat/m3 = kat m-3 |
m-3 s-1 mol |
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